CGC1W- De-streamed Exploring Canadian Geography
Course Description
This course examines interrelationships within and between Canada’s natural and human systems and how these systems interconnect with those in other parts of the world. Students will explore environmental, economic, and social geographic issues relating to topics such as transportation options, energy choices, and urban development. Students will apply the concepts of geographic thinking and the geographic inquiry process, including spatial technologies, to investigate various geographic issues and to develop possible approaches for making Canada a more sustainable place in which to live.
Course Outline:
| Unit | Time Allocated |
| Geographic Inquiry and Skill Development Students will analyze geographic issues in Canada using focused questions, data gathering, geospatial technologies, evaluation, and communication of findings. Students will explore careers related to geography and develop transferable skills such as critical thinking, digital literacy, and spatial technology skills while discussing complex issues and current events. | 20 hours |
| Physical Geography and Physical Processes in Canada Students will explore the characteristics of Canada’s landscapes and landforms, as well as the physical processes that continue to shape them. The unit emphasizes patterns and trends in physical phenomena, their interconnections with global systems, and how communities respond to these changes. Students will also make connections between physical geography and Canadian identity. | 20 hours |
| Managing Canada’s Resources and Industries This unit examines Canada’s natural resources and the industries that rely on them, such as agriculture, mining, forestry, and energy. Students will analyze resource use patterns, economic development, environmental impacts, and sustainability practices. Strategies for responsible resource management will also be explored. | 20 hours |
| Changing Populations Students will investigate demographic characteristics of Canada’s population, population trends, migration, immigration, urbanization, and ageing populations. The unit explores the implications of population changes on quality of life, well-being, and economic and social planning in Canada and globally. | 20 hours |
| Liveable Communities Students will explore land use and urban development challenges in Canada. Topics include urban growth, sustainable development, transportation, energy systems, and Canadian food systems. The unit emphasizes economic and social sustainability and strategies for creating more liveable communities. | 20 hours |
| Final Assessments | |
| Culminating Activity / Project Students will complete a final project that allows them to apply the geographic inquiry process to a topic of their choice. Students will develop an inquiry question, research it using geographic concepts and skills, and present findings in a written report or alternative format. | 5 hours |
| Final Exam Proctored final exam assessing knowledge and application of Canadian physical and human geography, resources, populations, and communities. Includes map interpretation, data analysis, and short- and extended-response questions. | 3 hours |
| Total | 110 hours |
Resources required by the student:
- Access to various web resources for guided research activities
- A calculator (online or handheld)
- Writing or colouring tools and paper
- Access to voice recording or video recording tools (webcam, cell phone, etc.)
Overall Curriculum Expectations
| A. Geographic Inquiry and Skill Development | |
| A1 | Geographic Inquiry: use the geographic inquiry process and the concepts of geographic thinking when investigating issues relating to Canadian geography |
| A2 | Developing Transferable Skills: apply in everyday contexts skills, including spatial technology skills, developed through the investigation of Canadian geography, and identify some careers in which a background in geography might be an asset |
| B. Interactions in the Physical Environment | |
| B1 | The Physical Environment and Human Activities: analyse interactions between physical processes, phenomena, events, and human activities in Canada |
| B2 | Interrelationships: analyse characteristics of physical processes, phenomena, and events affecting Canada and their interrelationship with global physical systems |
| B3 | Natural Environment: describe characteristics of Canada’s natural environment, the spatial distribution of physical features, and the role of processes and phenomena in shaping them |
| C. Managing Canada’s Resources and Industries | |
| C1 | Resource Sustainability: analyse impacts of resource policy, management, and consumer choices on sustainability in Canada |
| C2 | Resource Development: analyse issues related to the distribution, availability, and development of resources in Canada |
| C3 | Industries and Economic Development: assess importance of industrial sectors to Canada’s economy and global trade, and analyse factors influencing industry location |
| D. Changing Populations | |
| D1 | Population Issues: analyse national and global population issues and their implications for Canada |
| D2 | Immigration and Diversity: describe the diversity of Canada’s population, and assess social, economic, political, and environmental implications |
| D3 | Demographic Patterns: analyse population settlement and demographic characteristics of Canadians |
| E. Livable Communities | |
| E1 | Human Systems Sustainability: analyse issues relating to the sustainability of human systems in Canada |
| E2 | Urban Growth Impacts: analyse impacts of urban growth in Canada |
| E3 | Land Use: analyse characteristics of land use in Canadian communities and factors influencing patterns |
Teaching & Learning Strategies:
The Canadian and world studies courses will prepare students for a life of responsible citizenship in which they think critically about events, developments and issues in their daily lives. In the geography courses, the goal is to help students develop a sense of place. At their own pace, students will work towards:
- developing an understanding of the characteristics and spatial diversity of natural and human environments and communities, on a local to a global scale;
- analysing the connections within and between natural and human environments and communities;
- developing spatial skills through the use of spatial technologies and the interpretation, analysis, and construction of various types of maps, globes, and graphs;
- being responsible stewards of the Earth by developing an appreciation and respect for both natural and human environments and communities.
Assessment, Evaluation and Reporting Strategies of Student Performance:
Our theory of assessment and evaluation follows the Ministry of Education’s Growing Success document, and it is our firm belief that doing so is in the best interests of students. We seek to design assessment in such a way as to make it possible to gather and show evidence of learning in a variety of ways to gradually release responsibility to the students, and to give multiple and varied opportunities to reflect on learning and receive detailed feedback.
Growing Success articulates the vision the Ministry has for the purpose and structure of assessment and evaluation techniques. There are seven fundamental principles that ensure best practices and procedures of assessment and evaluation by ICE teachers. ICE assessments and evaluations,
- are fair, transparent, and equitable for all students;
- support all students, including those with special education needs, those who are learning the language of instruction (English or French), and those who are First Nation, Métis, or Inuit;
- are carefully planned to relate to the curriculum expectations and learning goals and, as much as possible, to the interests, learning styles and preferences, needs, and experiences of all students;
- are communicated clearly to students and parents at the beginning of the course and at other points throughout the school year or course;
- are ongoing, varied in nature, and administered over a period of time to provide multiple opportunities for students to demonstrate the full range of their learning;
- provide ongoing descriptive feedback that is clear, specific, meaningful, and timely to support improved learning and achievement;
- develop students’ self-assessment skills to enable them to assess their own learning, set specific goals, and plan next steps for their learning.
The Final Grade:
The evaluation for this course is based on the student’s achievement of curriculum expectations and the demonstrated skills required for effective learning. The final percentage grade represents the quality of the student’s overall achievement of the expectations for the course and reflects the corresponding level of achievement as described in the achievement chart for the discipline. A credit is granted and recorded for this course if the student’s grade is 50% or higher. The final grade will be determined as follows:
- 70% of the grade will be based upon evaluations conducted throughout the course. This portion of the grade will reflect the student’s most consistent level of achievement throughout the course, although special consideration will be given to more recent evidence of achievement.
- 30% of the grade will be based on final evaluations administered at the end of the course. The final assessment may be a final exam, a final project, or a combination of both an exam and a project.
The Report Card:
Student achievement will be communicated formally to students via an official report card. Report cards are issued at the midterm point in the course, as well as upon completion of the course. Each report card will focus on two distinct, but related aspects of student achievement. First, the achievement of curriculum expectations is reported as a percentage grade. Additionally, the course median is reported as a percentage. The teacher will also provide written comments concerning the student’s strengths, areas for improvement, and next steps. Second, the learning skills are reported as a letter grade, representing one of four levels of accomplishment. The report card also indicates whether an OSSD credit has been earned. Upon completion of a course, ICE will send a copy of the report card back to the student’s home school (if in Ontario) where the course will be added to the ongoing list of courses on the student’s Ontario Student Transcript. The report card will also be sent to the student’s home address.
Program Planning Considerations:
Teachers who are planning a program in this subject will make an effort to take into account considerations for program planning that align with the Ontario Ministry of Education policy and initiatives in a number of important areas.




